How does amnesty work? Could it be overturned by the next President?

I am sure everyone is becoming aware of this executive order amnesty possibility. I believe it is a gross abuse of power and a clear sign of desperation entirely against the will of the American people. How does amnesty work exactly? What do illegal immigrants get and is it permanent? Do the become citizens or legal residents? The total lack of concern for the American people on both sides always has been and continues to be disturbing to me. I find it hard to believe that the current administration could survive the next election.